مذكرة تأسيس إنجليزي
Memorandum and articles of Association of the
INTERNATIONAL BIJA CULTURAL RESEARCH ASSOCIATION
[I.B.C.R.A]
The 'IBCRA' is a voluntary, non-governmental, non-profit making Association, whose aim is to compile, study and document the Bija culture. The word 'culture' is used here to cover language, arts, literature, tradition, Customs, beliefs, social norms and relevant development studies.
Objectives
1- Establishment of the written language (in Arabic and Latin Scripts) and promoting literacy materials and education in Bedawiet.
2- Publication of both bi- and trilingual dictionaries (Beja/Arabic/English).
3- Research into the relationships between Beja and other languages to elucidate its linguistic ancestry.
4- Collection of a comprehensive corpus of Beja literature in its various forms and genres.
5- Exploration of Beja culture and its relationships to other cultures.
6- Promotion of a systematic archaeological study of Beja history with the aim of establishing a definitive historical record.
7- Issue of published materials on Beja culture.
8- Promotion of exhibitions, conferences and symposia on Beja culture.
9- Fostering relationships with research centers and academic institutions in Sympathy with the aims of the Association.
10- Developing of a Center and Institute for Beja Culture.
11- Fostering academic research, especially by Beja speakers.
Articles of Association:
The Administrative system of IBCRA shall consist of a General Assembly, and a Board of Directors.
The General Assembly:
Shall convene every two years.
Shall decide general policy and outline procedures that best achieve the aims of the Association.
Shall elect a board of five directors.
The Board of Directors:
Shall specify operating procedures as directed by the General Assembly.
Shall, at its first meeting, elect from its members a chairman, two vice- presidents, an administrative secretary and a financial secretary.
Shall have as a quorum three fifths of its members.
Shall have a fixed duration of two years after which new elections shall be held.
The Board of Directors shall produce a report of all its activities and shall present this to the meeting of the General Assembly.
Simple majority will take the resolutions, and the chairman shall have the casting vote.
The Board of Directors may appoint ad hoc committees for every activity of the Association,Members of these committees may be co-opted from outside the Association.
The Board will strive to obtain scholarships for its members in relevant fields of study. Applications from members for these scholarships will be assessed by the board and awarded by them as appropriate.
The board may appoint salaried officials to further the work of the Association.
Duties of Board Office Holders
The Chairman:
shall chair both the Board of Directors and the General Assembly.
Shall report on all his activities to the Board.
The Chairmen or his delegate shall be the representative of the Association before others.
The Administrative Secretary:
Shall be responsible for safe keeping and filing of all Association documents.
Shall be responsible for convening meetings after being so instructed by the Chairman.
Shall be responsible for taking minutes at Board meetings.
Shall present an Annual administrative report to the Board of Directors.
Shall present a report to the GM about the lapsed session.
The Financial Secretary:
Shall be responsible to the Board for all financial matters relating to the Association.
Shall maintain accounts that accurately represent the financial state of the association.
Shall present annual accounts to the Board and to the General Assembly.
To be accountable before the Board and G. M. in regard to all pecuniary matters- as decided by the Board- in respect of revenues and expenditure.
b) To present an annual performances report to the Board.
c) To present a report to the GM about the lapsed session.
Membership
The Association Membership is open to All Beja People and to all those actively interested in the aims of the Association.
Terms of Membership:
1- All prospective members must submit a written application or fill in the Association's membership application form.
2- Acceptance for membership of the Association will depend on the agreement of the board or a membership committee authorized by it.
3- Membership will be dependent on payment of the annual subscription decided by the board.
4- Students and full members of universities may enjoy reduced rates at the discretion of the Board or the Membership Committee. In order to qualify they must produce documentary evidence of their status.
5- All membership payments will be made to the Financial Secretary.
6- At the discretion of the Board a member may be offered a reduction in their subscription if they pay five or more years in advance.
7- Any Association member of ten or more years standing and who has paid all his subscriptions may be offered life membership free of further charge.
Honorary Membership
The Board may offer honorary Membership to any researcher who presents a dissertation on any aspect of Beja Culture.
Honorary membership of the Association shall not exceed 40 in number, and no more than five may be appointed at each session of the Board.
An honorary member is exempt from all membership subscriptions.
An honorary member may not vote at meetings of the General Assembly but may participate fully in all debates and discussions.
The Board of Directors may cancel any honorary membership if it is felt to be in the interests of the Association.
Association Finance
The financial resources of the Association are:
a) Membership subscriptions.
b) Donations and grants.
c) Income from the Association 's cultural activities.
Addenda
1- None of the above Articles of the Association may be altered without a Two-thirds majority of the General Assembly.
2- The Arabic Text is the original text of this Memorandum and Articles of Association.
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الأربعاء, 30 نيسان/أبريل 2025 13:35 مشارك من قبل Rodgerfoevy
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The hot ticket currently for exploring Greenland’s wilder side is to head to the east coast facing Europe. It’s raw and sees far fewer tourists, with a harshly dramatic coastline of fjords where icebergs drift south. There are no roads and the scattered population of just over 3,500 people inhabit a coastline roughly the distance from New York to Denver.
A growing number of small expedition vessels probe this remote coast for its frosted scenery and wildlife. Increasingly popular is the world’s largest fjord system of Scoresby Sound with its sharp-fanged mountains and hanging valleys choked by glaciers. Sailing north is the prosaically named North East Greenland National Park, fabulous for spotting wildlife on the tundra.
Travelers come to see polar bears which, during the northern hemisphere’s summer, move closer to land as the sea-ice melts. There are also musk oxen, great flocks of migrating geese, Arctic foxes and walrus.
Some of these animals are fair game for the local communities. Perhaps Greenland’s most interesting cultural visit is to a village that will take longer to learn how to pronounce than actually walk around — Ittoqqortoormiit. Five hundred miles north of its neighboring settlement, the 345 locals are frozen in for nine months of the year. Ships sail in to meet them during the brief summer melt between June and August.
Locked in by ice, they’ve retained traditional habits.
“My parents hunt nearly all their food,” said Mette Barselajsen, who owns Ittoqqortoormiit’s only guesthouse. “They prefer the old ways, burying it in the ground to ferment and preserve it. Just one muskox can bring 440 pounds of meat.” -
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الأربعاء, 30 نيسان/أبريل 2025 13:05 مشارك من قبل JamesReush
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The museum’s history starts in 1998, when Sheikh Faisal Bin Qassim Al Thani opened a building to the public on his farm some 20 kilometers (12 miles) north of Qatari capital Doha.
A distant relative of Qatar’s ruling family, founder and chairman of Al Faisal Holdings (one of Qatar’s biggest conglomerates), and a billionaire whose business acumen had him recognized as one of the most influential Arab businessmen in the world, Sheikh Faisal had already amassed a substantial private collection of historically important regional artifacts, plus a few quirky pieces of interest, allowing visitors an intimate look into Qatari life and history.
In an interview with Qatari channel Alrayyan TV in 2018, Sheikh Faisal said that the museum started as a hobby.
“I used to collect items whenever I got the chance,” he said. “As my business grew, so did my collections, and soon I was able to collect more and more items until I decided to put them in the museum for the public to enjoy.”
His private cabinet of curiosities has since evolved into a 130-acre complex. Through the fort-like entrance gate lies an oryx reserve, an impressive riding school and stables, a duck pond and a mosque built with a quirky leaning minaret. There’s now even a five-star Marriott hotel, two cafes and the Zoufa restaurant serving modern Lebanese cuisine.
Of course, there’s also the super-sized museum, with a recently-opened car collection housing everything from vintage Rolls-Royces to wartime Jeeps and colorful Buicks. Outside you’ll find peacocks roaming the grounds, and signs warning drivers to be aware of horses and ostriches.
Visitors to the FBQ museum are free to explore the grounds and can even enter the stables to pat the horses. -
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Perhaps one of the most valuable samples Curiosity has gathered on its mission to understand whether Mars was ever habitable was collected in May 2013.
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Freissinet helped lead a research team in 2015 that was able to identify organic molecules within the Cumberland sample.
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